USENIX Example PaperPekka NikanderAalto UniversityJane-Ellen LongUSENIX AssociationAbstractThisisanexampleforaUSENIXpaper,intheformofanHTML/CSStemplate.Beingheavilyself-ref-erential,thistemplateillustratesthefeaturesin-cludedinthistemplate.ItisexpectedthattheprospectiveauthorsusingHTML/CSSwouldcreateanewdocumentbasedonthistemplate,removethe content, and start writing their paper.Notethatinthistemplate,youmayhaveamul-ti-paragraphabstract.However,thatitisnotnec-essarilyagoodpractice.Trytokeepyourabstractinoneparagraph,andrememberthattheoptimallength for an abstract is 200-300 words.1IntroductionForthepurposesofUSENIXconferencepublica-tions,theauthors,nottheUSENIXstaff,aresolelyresponsibleforthecontentandformattingoftheirpaper.ThepurposeofthistemplateistohelpthoseauthorsthatwanttouseHTML/CSStowritetheirpapers.ThistemplatehasbeenpreparedbyHåkonWiumLie,andisbasedonaguidetousingFrameMakerforUSENIXpapers,writtenbyPekkaNikander with the help of Jane-Ellen Long.Therestofthispaperisorganizedasfollows.Section2givesabriefoverviewofrelatedwork,suchasothertemplatesandstylemanuals.Section3discussesthedetailsofthistemplate,andSec-tion 4 contains our conclusions.2Related WorkPreparinggood-lookingpublicationsisnoteasy.Itrequiresunderstandingofstyleandtypography.ThepurposeofthetemplatesprovidedbytheUSENIXorganizationistolifttheburdenofcaringabouttypographyfromtheauthors.However,theauthorsstillremain,andwillalwaysremain,re-sponsible for the style.2.1Word and LaTeX templatesTheUSENIXwebsiteincludesatemplateforMi-crosoftWord,aswellasLaTeXtemplates.ManyofthesettingsintheCSSstylesheetofthistemplatehave been copied from the LaTeX templates.Figure1:Thisfigureisshowedforillustrationalpurpos-esonly;floppydisksarenotrequiredtousethistem-plate.2.2Style manualsBesidestypography,styleisthesecondelementofpreparingeasy-to-readpublications.Therearetensofgoodstylemanualsavailable.Tomentionjustacouple,TheElementsofStylebyStrunkandWhite[1]isaclassic,andhasremainedabestsellersinceitsintroductionin1930’s.Fromthemorecontemporaryones,WritingforComputerScienceby Justin Zobel[2]seems appropriate.3ImplementationInthissectionwecoverthefeaturesincludedinthistemplate.Ourgoalhasbeenthattheauthorsdonotneedtomakemodificationstothetemplate;instead,theyshouldbeabletoconcentrateonthecontentandstyle.Withthisinmind,thistemplateincludesanumberoffeatures.Ontheotherhand,wehavealsotriedtokeepthisdocumentsimpleand easy to maintain.ThistemplateiswritteninHTML,withCSStoprovidestyling,andasmallJavaScripttohelpfor-mat references.F1F2F3F4F5F6F7F8F9F10F11F12EscPowerSleepWakeUpPrintScrnSysRqScrollLockPauseBreakInsertHomePageUpDeleteEndPageDown½1234567890+'QWERTYUIOPÅ^ASDFGHJKLÆØ*>ZXCVBNM;:_Num LockCaps LockScroll LockNumLock/*_+EnterCtrlAltCaps LockAlt GrCtrlWebE-Mail+Volume-VolumeMutePreviousNextMenuTuner<\§!"#¤%&/()=?`|€@£${[]}"~'-.,7894561230HomePgUpEndPgDnInsDel,Figure 2:This figure floats to the top of the page, spanning both columns.3.1HTML5ThistemplateusesHTML5elementstoaidinrep-resentingthedocumentstructure.Thesectionelementisusedtosplitthetextintosections,andtheheaderelementholdstheheadlines.Thefigureelementisusedtoincludefiguresandtheircorrenspondingcaptionsliveinsidethefig-captionelement.Theciteelementholdsallref-erences.Asmallmicroformat,basedonaconventionofclassnames,isusedtoencodethenameandaffili-ation of the authors.3.2CSSACSSstylesheetdescribeshowtoformattheHTMLdocumentintoaPDFfile.CSSisadeclar-ativelanguagewhichattachespropertyvaluestoHTMLelementsanddocuments.ManyaspectsofCSSisusedtoachievethepresentationofUSENIXpapers, including:•multi-column layout•footnotes•page and column floats•multi-level countersSomecommonlyusedfeaturesareabsentfromtheabovelist:pagenumbersandrunningheadersshouldnotbespecifedbyUSENIXauthors,theseare added by those who compile the Proceedings.3.3JavaScriptThistemplateusesJavaScripttoprocessrefer-ences.Referencesareaddedatthepointwheretheyappear,andascriptislaterusedtomovethereferencestotheendofthepaper,leavingbehinda numeric marker.3.4PDF(This section has been added by Håkon Wium Lie)InordertoconvertthedocumenttoPDF,afor-matterisneeded.CommonbrowserssupportHTMLandCSS,buttheydonotsupportalltheCSSfunctionalityforpage-basedformatting.Forex-ample,browsersdonotsupportfootnotesorpagefloats.ThispaperhasbeenformattedwithPrince,[a]apurpose-builtprogramforconvertingHTMLandXMLdocumentsintoPDFbywayofCSS.Princeisacommercialproduct,butcanbedownloadedandusedforfreefornon-commercialpurposes.InorderforPrincetoprocessthescriptinclud-edinthistemplate,acommandlineoptionmustbe specified:$ prince --javascript example.html4TablesThetablebelowlistsrecipientsoftheUSENIXLife-timeAchievementAwardinthe1900s.Noticehownotesinsidethetablearemovedtotheendofthetable.YearRecipient1999X Window System*1998Tim Berners-Lee1997Brian W. Kernighan[a]www.princexml.com1996The Software Tools Project1995The Creation ofUSENET**1994Networking Technologies1993Berkeley UNIX* Given to the Community at Large** Given toJim EllisandTom Truscott5ConclusionsEachgoodpaperconcludesthemostsignificantfindings in the end.AcknowledgmentsApoliteauthoralwaysincludesacknowledgments.Thankeveryone,especiallythosewhofundedthework.AvailabilityPleaseincludeasectionattheendofyourpaperprovidingavailabilityinformation.Ifthesystemyoudescribeisavailabletoothers,andifmorein-formation(reports,etc.)maybeobtained,indicateterms and contact information.References[1]STRUNK,W.JR.,ANDWHITE,E.B.TheElementsofStyle,4thEd,AllynandBacon,August,1999,ISBN 020530902X[2]ZOBEL,J.WritingforComputerScience,Springer-Verlag,December1997,ISBN9813083220